PSY611 ASSIGNMENT 1 SOLUTION 2023 | PSY611 ASSIGNMENT 1 FALL 2023 | PSY611 ASSIGNMENT 1 2023 | ETHICAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGY | VuTech
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Question: 1
The APA’s ethical principles consist of ten broad standards that guide psychologists in their various professional roles. These standards have been discussed in your course. You are required to:
• Identify which category of the APA’s human relations code has been violated.
• Provide Justification for your assessment.
Please Record your answers in the table given below.
Answer:
1 - Scenario:
Dr. Miller has been treating a patient for several months and is making good progress. However, when the patient recently disclosed their sexual orientation during a therapy session. The psychologist, started treating the patient differently, displaying discomfort and making judgmental remarks about their sexual orientation.
Violation:
Prejudice and Bias
Justification:
Psychologists are expected to uphold respect and avoid discrimination based on sexual orientation. Dr. Miller's change in behavior, discomfort, and judgmental remarks towards the patient's sexual orientation signify prejudice and bias, violating the ethical principle of respecting individual differences and avoiding discriminatory practices.
2 - Scenario:
Sania has a client who has severe depression and has been expressing suicidal thoughts during therapy sessions. However, she does not take appropriate steps to ensure the client's safety.
Violation:
Duty to Protect
Justification:
Psychologists have a professional obligation to take appropriate steps to protect and ensure the safety of their clients, especially when there are expressed suicidal thoughts. Sania's failure to act in safeguarding the client’s safety violates the ethical principle that mandates psychologists to prioritize the well-being and protection of their clients.
3 - Scenario:
Stanley Milgram's obedience experiment involved deceiving participants into believing they were administering harmful electric shocks to others. Although participants weren't causing real harm, the study caused severe psychological distress to many of them.
Violation:
Informed Consent and Avoiding Harm
Justification:
The experiment's lack of informed consent and causing severe distress to participants without their full understanding of the potential harm violates the ethical principle of informed consent and avoiding inflicting psychological harm. Even though no physical harm was intended, the distress experienced by the participants constitutes a breach of ethical standards.
4 - Scenario:
Dr. Andrew Wakefield published a study suggesting a link between the MMR vaccine and autism. It was later revealed that he had been involved in a lawsuit against vaccine manufacturers.
Violation:
Conflict of Interest
Justification:
The undisclosed conflict of interest - being involved in a lawsuit against vaccine manufacturers while conducting a study on vaccine safety - violates the ethical standard of disclosing potential conflicts of interest. Dr. Wakefield's failure to reveal this conflict undermines the credibility and integrity of the research findings.
5 - Scenario:
The CIA conducted a series of experiments involving mind control, which included the use of hallucinogenic drugs on unwitting participants, who were not fully informed about the nature of the experiments.
Violation:
Lack of Informed Consent and Avoiding Harm
Justification:
The experiments conducted by the CIA, involving mind control and the administration of hallucinogenic drugs without full disclosure to participants, violated the ethical principle of informed consent. Additionally, the use of such substances without participants' full understanding subjected them to potential psychological harm, breaching the ethical guideline of avoiding harm to individuals.