ZOO202 ASSIGNMENT NO. 2 SPRING 2023 || 100% RIGHT SOLUTION || ANIMAL DIVERSITY || BY VuTech

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QUESTION-1

Correlation of amphibians with reptiles?

Solution:

Amphibians and reptiles are both classes of vertebrate animals, and they share certain similarities while also having distinct differences. Here are some points regarding the correlation between amphibians and reptiles:

Evolutionary History:

Amphibians and reptiles share a common ancestor and are part of the larger group of tetrapods, which includes animals with four limbs. Reptiles evolved from amphibian ancestors and are considered their descendants.

Habitat:

Both amphibians and reptiles are ectothermic, meaning their body temperature depends on their environment. They are found in diverse habitats, including terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments. They can be found in similar ecosystems, such as forests, wetlands, and deserts.

Skin:

Both amphibians and reptiles have scales or skin adaptations that help them survive in their respective environments. However, there are differences in their skin structures. Amphibians typically have moist, permeable skin that allows for gas exchange and plays a role in respiration. Reptiles, on the other hand, generally have dry, scaly skin that helps prevent water loss.

Reproduction:

Reproductive strategies differ between amphibians and reptiles. Amphibians usually undergo external fertilization, where eggs are fertilized outside the female's body, often in water. They typically have an aquatic larval stage (tadpoles) before metamorphosing into adults. Reptiles, on the other hand, have internal fertilization, with the male transferring sperm to the female. They lay amniotic eggs on land, which are protected by shells or membranes, eliminating the need for an aquatic larval stage.

Diversity:

Both amphibians and reptiles exhibit remarkable diversity. Amphibians include frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians, while reptiles include turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodiles, and alligators. There are thousands of species within each group, occupying various ecological niches and displaying a wide range of adaptations.

Ecological Roles:

Both amphibians and reptiles play crucial ecological roles. Amphibians contribute to controlling insect populations and serve as indicators of environmental health due to their sensitivity to changes in water quality. Reptiles, as predators, help regulate populations of their prey species, and some reptiles, like turtles, play important roles in nutrient cycling and seed dispersal.

While amphibians and reptiles share common ancestry and certain characteristics, they have also diverged in many ways due to their separate evolutionary paths. Understanding their similarities and differences is essential for studying and conserving these fascinating groups of animals.

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