SOC607 ASSIGNMENT NO. 1 SPRING 2023 || 100% RIGHT SOLUTION || URBAN SOCIOLOGY || BY VuTech

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QUESTION

People migrate from rural areas to urban areas for better life opportunities such as education, employment, medical facilities, etc. This rural-urban migration becomes a burden when city dwellers and policymakers are unable to make suitable adjustments for the whole city. Thus, we can see the number of social problems in major cities of Pakistan. Instead of enjoying a better life, people are living in miserable conditions and facing a variety of issues in the cities.

Being a student of urban sociology, you need to understand the social problems present in major cities of Pakistan in order to analyze the behavioral changes in people. You are required to answer the followings questions:

a) keeping in mind the urban problems discussed in lesson 5, explain in what ways poverty is increasing the crime rate in the cities of Pakistan? (at least 5 examples)

b) Which social problem do you think is the most dangerous in the Karachi city and needs to be addressed on a prior basis? Justify your argument with the help of examples.

Solution:

a) Poverty and Crime Rate in Cities of Pakistan:

Lack of Basic Needs:

Poverty often leads to a lack of access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare. When individuals are unable to meet their basic needs, desperation can drive them to engage in criminal activities such as theft, robbery, or drug trafficking to fulfill their basic requirements.

Unemployment:

Poverty and unemployment are interconnected issues. High levels of poverty result in a larger pool of unemployed individuals. When people are unable to find legitimate employment opportunities to sustain themselves, they may resort to criminal activities as a means of survival.

Informal Settlements:

Poverty often leads to the formation of informal settlements or slums in cities. These areas lack proper infrastructure, basic amenities, and security measures. The absence of a formal system increases the likelihood of criminal activities within these areas, including drug abuse, violence, and gang-related crimes.

Education Disparities:

Poverty affects access to quality education. Children from impoverished backgrounds often lack educational opportunities due to financial constraints. The absence of education or limited educational opportunities can lead to a cycle of poverty and crime, as individuals may turn to illegal activities for financial gain.

Social Exclusion:

Poverty often results in social exclusion and marginalization. When individuals feel excluded from mainstream society and face discrimination based on their economic status, it can lead to frustration and a sense of injustice. This can increase the likelihood of individuals engaging in criminal activities as a form of protest or retaliation.

b) The Most Dangerous Social Problem in Karachi:

One of the most dangerous social problems in Karachi is political and ethnic violence. The city has experienced a history of political and ethnic tensions, leading to frequent incidents of violence, targeted killings, and clashes between rival groups. This violence not only poses a significant threat to the lives and well-being of the residents but also hampers the overall social fabric and development of the city.

Examples:

Targeted Killings:

Karachi has witnessed numerous incidents of targeted killings based on political affiliations or ethnic backgrounds. These killings create an atmosphere of fear and insecurity among the residents, affecting their daily lives and economic activities.

Gang Warfare:

Gang warfare between different political and ethnic groups has been a recurring issue in Karachi. These conflicts often involve armed clashes, extortion, and land disputes, causing loss of life and property.

Ethnic Segregation:

Karachi is a diverse city with a significant population from various ethnic backgrounds. However, ethnic segregation has become a prominent social problem, leading to tension and hostility between different ethnic communities. This segregation further fuels the potential for violence and conflict.

Political Instability:

Frequent political instability and power struggles in Karachi contribute to the overall law and order situation. Different political groups often use violence and intimidation tactics to assert their control, leading to an unsafe environment for the residents.

Impacts on Economic Growth:

The persistent political and ethnic violence in Karachi has a detrimental effect on the city's economic growth and development. Investors are reluctant to invest in a volatile environment, leading to a decline in business activities and job opportunities.

Given the severity of political and ethnic violence and its wide-ranging negative impacts, it is crucial for policymakers and authorities to prioritize addressing this issue in Karachi. This involves implementing effective law enforcement strategies, promoting inter-ethnic harmony, and creating opportunities for dialogue and conflict resolution among different political and ethnic groups.

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